Education system in Germany
It is possible to study in German schools in, primary, elementary and secondary schools. Children aged 3 to 6 years attend pre-schools (kindergarten), students aged 6 to 10 attend elementary schools and afar that they attend high schools. It should be noted that in Germany education is compulsory in elementary schools or Grundschule. After completing elementary school, students continue their education in one of the following high schools.
- Hauptschule
- Realschule
- Gymnasium
Children under the age of 18 are not required to have a German language certificate if they want to study in a German school and they will learn German in the schools. The process of getting a student visa for children over the age of 12 who want to migrate to Germany to study in this country is less risky. It is also possible for international students to study in private German schools. These schools can be boarding schools and provide all of the educational and living facilities to the students. The costs of studying in these schools varies and the annual cost of studying in private and boarding schools in Germany can be estimated at around 30,000 euros. Students attending day schools in Germany must have a guardian in Germany, otherwise they will not be able to get a student visa.
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Studying for a bachelor’s degree in Germany
To study for a bachelor’s degree in Germany you are required to have a high school diploma. To get a German student visa you must first get admitted to a German university. Germany is sensitive about study gap and to study in this country, the gap between your studies should preferably be less than 5 years. Also, if you want to study in Germany for free, you must have a German language certificate at B1 level (The Goethe-Zertifikat B1). The duration of a bachelor’s degree program in Germany is 4 years and students are allowed to work for 40 hours per week while studying in this country. Free education in Germany does not mean that the education is completely free, and German universities charge students around 700 to 800 euros per year for registration fees. If you want to study for a bachelor’s degree in English, you must have an IELTS language certificate with a score of 6.
Tuition fees at private German universities varies between 12,000 to 20,000 euros per year, depending on the field, city and university. One of the most important documents required to get a German student visa is proof of sufficient financial means, which indicates that the student can cover his/her tuition fees and living expenses for the first year. These costs are estimated by the German government at around € 750 a month for a single person.
Studying for a master’s degree in Germany
Those who have a bachelor’s degree and want to pursue their master’s degree in Germany should know that German universities prefer students who got their degrees from national and public universities over those who got their degrees from private universities and institutions. Studying for a master’s degree in Germany lasts between 1 to 2 years and a wide range of fields of study are available. Before getting admission, applicants who want to study for a master’s degree in Germany must check the validity of their bachelor’s degree in an organization called the Akademisches Auslandsamt. Knowing German or English is one of the prerequisites to study for a master’s degree in Germany.
Studying for a PhD degree in Germany
Getting admitted to a PhD program is not easy. Applicants who have a strong academic CV, high level of language proficiency, have the experience of doing scientific and research work, have published international articles and recommendation letter must find a supervisor in a German university, and after the approval of the supervisor they must get an acceptance letter from a that university and then by presenting the university acceptance letter they must apply for a German student visa. PhD degrees in Germany last for 4 years.
Scholarships in Germany
The same as PhD degree, the requirements for getting a scholarship are; finding a supervisor, having a strong academic CV, language proficiency, having published international article, recommendation letter, and age requirements. The process of obtaining a scholarship for a bachelor’s and master’s degree in Germany is more difficult and lasts longer than for a PhD degree. German scholarships are offered by the DAAD organization, and all German universities and educational institutions offer their scholarships to international students through this organization.
Here you can see a number of scholarships in Germany.
Scholarships | Amounts awarded | Degree level |
Mailcheck scholarship | 1500 Euros per month | Bachelor’s degree |
Trendhim talent scholarship | 2000 Euros per month | Master’s degree |
Friedrich Ebert Foundation Scholarship | 1000 Euros per month | Master’s degree |
German Research Foundation (DFG) scholarships | 1250 Euros per month | PhD degree |
Stipendiumplus scholarships | 1350 Euros per month | PhD degree |
Costs of studying in Germany
Studying at public German universities is almost free and the language of study is German, and you will pay less than € 500 in one academic year for university registration, insurance and ancillary fees. But in order to study at private universities you are required to pay tuition fees. The cost of studying at a private university varies depending on the field of study and the university you choose. On average, it can be said that you have to pay between 12 to 20 thousand Euros to study at a private university. At these private universities you can also study in English.
Working while studying in Germany
Students who are studying in Germany can work full-time for 120 days during the holidays between the semesters or work part-time for 240 days during the semester, and they will earn between 8 to 12 euros per hour as an income. This will help student a lot to cover some parts of the cost of living and studying in Germany. Of course, keep in mind that in the early months of your stay in Germany you may not be able to easily find a job, but in the following months as your language skills is improved and you become more familiar with the working and living conditions in Germany, you can find a job more easily. The amount of salary received by students may not cover all of their expenses, but it does cover some parts of the expenses. In addition to the student, his/her companions can also work in Germany. Companions are allowed to work full time in Germany.
Family reunification for international students in Germany
One of the major concerns of applicants who want to get a German student visa is the possibility of bringing their companions with them to Germany. According to international law companion includes a spouse and minor children who can accompany the visa holder to the destination country. Applicants for a German student visa should know that in order to get a companion visa, they must first enter this country themselves, and after staying in this country for some time they can apply for a visa (German Family Reunion visa) for their companions. This process can take between 90 to 365 days to be completed. The important point in this regard is that in order to obtain a Family Reunion visa applicants must have an a1 German language certificate.
Top German universities
Germany has one of the best educational systems in the world and as a result the quality of education is high in its universities. In the following you can see the names and rankings of some of the German universities.
University | World Ranking |
Technische Universität München | 64 |
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich | 66 |
Heidelberg University (Universität Heidelberg) | 68 |
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) | 107 |
Humboldt University of Berlin | 120 |
Freie Universität Berlin | 123 |
RWTH Aachen University | 146 |
University of Freiburg | 163 |
Berlin Institute of Technology | 178 |
Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen | 173 |
Dresden University of Technology | 210 |
University of Hamburg | 232 |
Required documents for getting a German student visa
There are three types of visas for people who want to study in Germany, which are as follows.
- Language Course Visa
It’s for those who accepted onto a language preparatory course and lasts between three months and one year
- Student Applicant Visa
If you want to study in Germany, but you are still trying to find a suitable university or you have not yet received the confirmation of acceptance from your university.
- German student visa
which is for those who have been accepted onto a university course
The required documents for a German student visa doesn’t differ from the requirements in other Schengen countries, but it is recommended to fulfill each request meticulously to the last detail, as Germany is quite demanding on the issue. The German embassy in each country has an updated checklist of the Germany Visa requirements for each type of visa. The following documents are required to apply for a German visa.
- Application form
Properly completed with correct and honest answer that comply with the information in the other required documents.
- Acceptance confirmation
Which is issued by the university you got admitted to in Germany.
- Personal Statement
Your reasons for studying in Germany must be explained.
- Passport
According to the passport requirements of the German embassy, with a validity of three months beyond your planned stays in the Schengen.
- Travel tickets
Including a flight ticket or flight reservation or documents that show you are planning to travel to Germany.
- Photo
Which have been taken within the last three months according to the standards set by the German Embassy.
- Health Insurance
A document confirming that you have obtained travel health insurance that covers illnesses and accidents and even death, which is also valid throughout the Schengen area and has a minimum coverage of 30,000 euros.
- Proof of Financial Means
It is a document that proves you have the amount of money to finance yourself during your planned stay in Germany. This can be a recent bank statement that shows you have enough funds to spend at least 45€ per day in Germany.
The applicant must apply for a residence permit to study in Germany within three months of arriving in Germany. The required documents are as follows:
- Passport (and visa if required)
- Registration confirmation
- Certificate of enrollment from a German university
- A health insurance certificate
- Passport photos according the standards set by German embassy.
This residence permit is issued after 4 to 6 weeks and is valid for one year and can be extended.
Working in Germany after graduation
Due to the need for a skilled and educated workforce in Germany, university graduates from Germany are given priority to work in this country. Therefore, after completing their studies, these students can stay in Germany and look for a job, in order to do so they can extend their residence permit for up to 18 months to find work relating to their studies (they can apply for visa extension at the Foreigner’s Registration Office).
The required documents to apply for a residence permit include the following.
- Passport
- Last University degree certificate
- Proof of sufficient financial means
After receiving a job offer from a German employer, the applicant will receive a German work visa, which in some cases will also lead to an EU Blue Card. In order to be eligible for the Blue Card, the applicant must meet certain prerequisites, such as:
- Be a non-EU citizen.
- Be educated or skilled/professional.
- Have an employment contract or job offer with a minimum annual salary of € 49,800. There are exceptions for scientists, mathematicians, engineers, physicians and IT professionals.
- Have a university degree from a German university.
Citizenship for international students in Germany
Studying in Germany does not lead to getting a residence permit in this country, to get a residence permit you must first receive a job offer and get a work permit, and then start working in this country, after 5 years of living and working in Germany you can apply for a permanent residence permit and after 3 years of getting a permanent residence you can apply for German citizenship. The requirements for obtaining German citizenship are as follows.
- You must have lived in Germany for the required time (number of years).
- You must have no criminal record.
- You must prove German language proficiency of at least B1.
- You must show that you can support yourself financially.
- You must be a law-abiding citizen.
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